以前的脊髓损伤现在可以通过一种新型的3D生物构图神经组织来治愈。新的3D生物打印溶液可以提供一种快速而精确地工程损坏的中枢神经系统（CNS）组织和其他神经元组织的方法。在接下来的几年中，该系统有可能发展为一种再生医学方法，该方法可能会逆转以前无法治愈的患者。
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Recent Advancements in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
The term Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) covers any damage caused to the cells and tissues that form the information highway that connects the brain and the rest of the body via the spinal cord. Damage to this circuitry often ends in partial or total loss of both sensory and locomotor function from below the location of the damage.
尽管有大量的研究发展基于细胞的疗法，但目前尚无SCI治疗SCI。由于这项研究的成功，科学家们将精力集中在开发系统上，这些系统允许在搜索中重新生成功能性神经元以建立瘫痪的方法。但是，以前开发这种方法的努力发现成功修复受损细胞是有问题的。
先前的研究表明，尽管神经干细胞可以成功地植入SCI部位，但此类细胞的生存能力很差，它们表现出了不受控制的分化，从而导致治疗影响最小。为了克服这一局限性，科学家正在探索生物打印如何增强此类植入物的成功。
Recent studies have used bioprinted, cell-loaded scaffolds that can generate a beneficial microenvironment to encourage the growth of neurons. However, the efficacy of this technique is also limited, as questions have risen regarding the printability of such scaffolds and their efficacy at initiating cellular interaction.
Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Science and Technology of China have undertaken a collaborative project that has resulted in the development of a novel bio-ink for use in 3D bioprinting that congeals at room temperature. This aspect of the bio-ink can prevent neurons from differentiating into cells that are not implicated in the transfer of information via electrical impulses.
在一项新研究中，发表在《期刊》上生物材欧洲杯足球竞彩料该团队概述了如何将生物墨水打印到鼓励细胞之间相互作用的脚手架中，这对于逆转SCIS引起的瘫痪至关重要。
使用生物墨水治愈瘫痪
The team first created a bio-ink from natural chitosan sugars, hyaluronic acids, and matrigel, into which it then added rat neural stem cells. A BioScaffolder 3D bioprinter was then used to precisely place the mixture into cell-laden scaffolds, which were then placed in culture plates.
然后将支架注入截瘫实验室大鼠。研究人员认为，脚手架的生存能力为95％，他们可以鼓励神经元的再生，以至于曾经截瘫的大鼠开始重新获得后腿的运动。在12周的过程中，老鼠重新控制了四肢，臀部，膝盖和脚踝都重新出现。测量动物踢力强度的压力传感器用于证明大鼠的肌肉力量随着时间的推移如何增加。
得出的结论是，创新的3D生物打印方法为治疗人类瘫痪提供了一种潜在的治疗方法。虽然该技术尚未在人体组织中进行测试，但动物模型的结果是有希望的，这表明了生物墨水的成功与3D生物打印在产生精确控制的，复杂的神经组织方面的成功。
为了使该方法在人体组织中有效，科学家预测，该技术的进一步发展将需要提高调节细胞分化的精度。可能会进行进一步的研究，如果成功的话，这些研究将导致人类的测试。
瘫痪的潜在治疗方法
The results of the study show that the 3D bioprinted neural stem cell-laden scaffolds developed by the Chinese team have the capability of repairing SCI in-vivo. The results are exciting as they show a method with a genuine possibility of being adopted for use in humans to cure paralysis. More research will be conducted to develop the method into a clinical application, which will likely recruit experts in the field of neural tissue engineering. It is possible that the approach will also be useful for generating other regenerative medicines, not just for SCI.
References and Further Reading
Introducing the 3D bio-printed neural tissues with the potential to ‘cure’ human paralysis.保罗·汉纳（Paul Hanaphy）。3D打印行业。可用网址：https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/introducing-the-the-3d-bioprinted-neural-tissues-with-the-the-potential-cure to-cure-human-paralalission 192936/
Liu，X.，Hao，M.，Chen，Z.，Zhang，T.，Huang，J.，Dai，J。和Zhang，Z.，Z.，2021年。3dBioprinted神经组织构建体用于脊髓损伤修复。生物材欧洲杯足球竞彩料，272，p.120771。https://www.欧洲杯线上买球sciendirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/s0142961221001277
Soman，S。和Vijayavenkataraman，S.，2020年。在医疗保健中，3D生物打印诱导的多能干细胞的应用。国际生物打印杂志，6（4）。https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7557348/
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