仔细管理水供应的必要性导致在全球许多地区引入了抽象控制。这些控件可能适用于为饮用水，工业使用或灌溉等目的抽水和分配水的应用。
使用ABB的水手电磁流量计测量抽抽。图片来源：ABB测量和分析
Abstraction controlscan deliver two major benefits: Firstly, limiting the amount of water that can be drawn from a singular source helps to limit any associated environmental damage, such as depletion or, where water is drawn from a watercourse, harm to aquatic life.
Secondly, carefully measuring the amount of water that is extracted facilitates better management and conservation of existing stocks.
The Application
可以从各种来源中抽出水，包括水库，河流，溪流和地下含水层。在进行抽象控件的地方，用户通常会持有许可证，以在设定的时间内从特定位置绘制特定数量的水，并出于独特的目的。
因此，有必要以某种方式量化和记录抽象的水量，以确保消费保持在规定的限制之内。
抽象控制的目的：
- 改善水资源管理，包括抽象对环境的影响
- 检查抽象器是否遵守其抽象许可条款
- 促进准确计算年度费用
- 要清楚概述许可抽象金额后的其他用途可用的水量
- To help deliver an informed assessment of overall demands, which can then be communicated to the government or other supervisory authorities for action
There are a variety of flowmeters suitable for measuring water abstraction, including mechanical, ultrasonic and electromagnetic technologies. Selecting the right flowmeter for the task in hand depends on a number of factors, including the accuracy and repeatability desired as well as the characteristics of the installation.
例如，当从河流或溪流中抽象水时，卵石和沉积物的存在会迅速损坏，甚至完全破坏机械仪表。在抽象水时，水的盐度会导致快速磨损不锈钢流量计，因此需要仔细考虑建筑物的材料。欧洲杯足球竞彩
挑战
由于可以将计量值应用于抽象器并评估可用的水的总数量，因此任何使用中的流量计都能提供所需的准确性和重复性水平至关重要。
此外，它还必须能够承受应用程序的严格性，特别是在存在高水平的沉积物或其他非理想状况的情况下。
对于容易磨损的运动部件，机械仪表可能会迅速降低准确性，从而导致流量下或过度注册。
Additionally, the fact that mechanical meters must be periodically recalibrated, tested and repaired means that they have to be taken out of the application, meaning users must replace the meter with a temporary device or pause abstraction until the meter is reinstalled back into the line.
Ultrasonic flowmetersdemonstrate some issues which make them unsuitable for water abstraction applications. In particular, transit time meters can struggle to handle flows with high levels of particulate matter, which necessitates the use of a filter or strainer.
Both transit time and Doppler meters can also be impacted by velocity profile distortions, requiring from 10 to 40 upstream diameters, depending on the intensity of the disturbance.
同样，超声仪的转折仅限于20：1至40：1。超声仪还可以在安装和设置过程中呈现并发症，尤其是在需要绝对精确度的情况下。
A Solution
电磁流量计提出了克服这些缺点的方法。与其他流量计类型相比，电磁流动器在其使用寿命中提供了更好的准确性和重复性，不确定性为±1％或更高。
As electromagnetic flowmeters do not have moving parts, they do not experience problems with wear and tear, reducing maintenance and meaning additional upstream strainers to filter sediment are not required.
选择流程衬里可以提供额外的保护，以防止具有高沉积物的流动，并使用户可以从各种材料中进行选择，例如陶瓷衬里，特别是磨料流。欧洲杯足球竞彩
Electromagnetic flowmeters有能力更好地处理扭曲的速度轮廓，从而导致仪表上游和下游的管道量减少。
推荐安排用于抽象测量安装。图片来源：ABB测量和分析
ABB可以提供什么？
ABB’s WaterMaster and AquaMaster electromagnetic flowmeters can deliver the optimal solution for water abstraction applications. Both flowmeter ranges offer a whole host of sophisticated features and functionality for water measurement techniques.
One of the main features of the WaterMaster is its pioneering octagonal sensor design. By enhancing the flow profile, the octagonal design reduces the upstream and downstream pipe lengths from the point of installation, significantly reducing the cost of placing the meters into new or existing pipelines.
水手还配备了名为Verimaster的板载验证能力，该功能通过一致的自我检查确保了操作员的仪表性能。与ABB的Verimaster软件工具配对时，它允许操作员打印出验证证书以进行调节合规性。
所有西水师传感器的尺寸为10至2400毫米（3/8至96英寸），并且构造为坚固且坚固耐用，以确保即使在水和废水应用中遇到的最严格的条件下，也可以保持长，无维护的服务寿命。
这些传感器完全可潜水（IP68，NEMA 6P）作为固有的功能，可以在容易泛滥的腔室和计量坑中安装。所有尺寸的西水师都可以埋葬且易于安装。
事实证明，西瓜大师具有可靠的稳健性，无与伦比的诊断功能可提供正确的信息，以允许过程保持启动和运行。警告系统和警报将根据Namur NE107进行验证。
Aquamaster的尺寸从10到600毫米（3/8到24英寸）可用，可以在任何地方和任何地方安装，使其成为用于抽象和分销应用程序的完整网络管理流量计。
仪表传感器可以被浸没，掩埋或安装在腔室中，而发射器可以分别安装在最多200米的地面水平。这非常适合当需要将传感器埋在道路或高速公路下时。
Aquamaster具有可再生能源选项，这意味着它可以安装在最遥远的位置。除了现有的电池和电源供电的版本外，它可以连接到小至5瓦的太阳能电池板或60瓦风力涡轮机发电机。
Aquamaster还非常适合安装空间限制，需要零管道直径上游和下游。
The meter’s reduced bore sensor means the flow profile is conditioned in the measuring section, which flattens any distortions that could influence either upstream or downstream measurement, as demonstrated via OIML R49 and MID testing.
With no moving parts susceptible to wear and tear, the AquaMaster offers a true fit and forget flow metering solution, with no meter maintenance requirements. Its sophisticated sensor design also means flow pressure loss is minimized as there are no obstructions.
Aquamaster收集的所有数据都存储在一个集成的数据记录器中，该数据记录器每15分钟都会在流量和压力上获取数据。这些数据可以每天通过SMS自动发送给客户选择的接收者。
ABB’s WaterMaster electromagnetic flowmeter offers the ideal solution for water abstraction applications. Image Credit: ABB Measurement & Analytics
Working with both theWaterMaster and AquaMaster flowmeters通过使用ABB的通用人机界面（HMI）来简化该仪器产品范围的实施。
Based on Windows™ technology, the HMI makes operation, maintenance and training much easier, thereby reducing the cost of ownership and offering a steady and consistent user experience.
Both flowmeter ranges are also in accordance with OIML R49 type ‘P’ requirements to guarantee the greatest accuracy and long-term performance.
所有ABB流量计均已根据国际质量程序（ISO 9001）进行开发和制造，并在全国可追踪的校准钻机上进行校准，以使最终用户的保证和对质量和性能的信心。
This information has been sourced, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by ABB Measurement & Analytics.
有关此消息来源的更多信息，请访问ABB测量和分析。