电化学保护以防止污染海底光学仪器 - 新闻项目

The formation of bio-films is a major problem for undersea optical instruments. To prevent fouling, researchers at the Electro-Chemical Systems and Interfaces Laboratory (LISE) at CNRS (France’s leading research establishment) have contributed to the development of a very promising electro-chemical protection process.

该原理基于海水的电解，该海水在要保护的光学窗口表面上产生游离氯。有了这个环保的过程，海底摄像机的窗户保持清洁长达五个月。

The electro-chemical process developed within the framework of a CNRS-IFREMER合作伙伴关系包括涂上窗户，要用二氧化碳膜保护（SNO）₂），充当透明电极。这是由能够从海水中存在的氯离子氧化中局部产生的漂白剂（即HCLO）的局部产生的量。CNRS团队已经优化了生物膜的构成（通过喷雾热解沉积），以达到良好的电导率和几个月的产品寿命。反电极和参考电极完成了系统。

IFREMER adapted the principle to undersea camera windows having the three electrodes at the front. Tests undertaken so far at various sites have shown that anodic protection enables transparency to be maintained for three to five months.

The process is particularly attractive since it makes only a small impact on the environment: the anti-fouling activity only produces very small quantities of bleach around the windows being protected. The process is also being applied in the ANTARES project (aimed at detecting and studying very high-energy cosmic neutrinos beneath the Mediterranean Sea) in co-operation with the Villefranche Oceanology Laboratory (part of CNRS/Université Paris 6). The researchers are testing this method on the windows of high-resolution cameras used for imaging phytoplankton at a depth of 2,600 metres in the Mediterranean.

主动保护系统的功率要求的管理对于实施过程非常重要。涉及极化周期中断的测试范围从10分钟到几个小时不等。如果从未浸入海水中的二氧化碳膜，它往往会被生物膜涂覆。但是，如果该薄膜以前曾对氯的产生进行足够的持续时间进行阳极极化，则该薄膜在停止极化后保留了抗污染效应。这种被动保护的寿命有限，但是可以持续几天。

与玻璃上的这项工作同时，研究人员使用血浆辅助的化学蒸气沉积（PACVD）过程（2）研究了将二氧化锡导电膜沉积到透明的聚合物底物上，例如PMMA（PMMA（Polymethyl甲基丙烯酸酯））。在中期，这些研究将为自我清洁水族馆墙壁应用开辟可能性。

Posted March 5^th，2004年

Source: Alphagalileo