Malvern Panalytical是用于粒子表征和流变应用的分析解决方案的领先供应商。高级测量技术与强大的机械设计以及全面的数据处理和自动化软件相结合,以提供在广泛的工业和基本研究应用程序中相关的系统。
材料表征数据,例如尺寸分布,颗粒形状,Zeta电位,分子量和块状材料特性,可以使用Malvern Alacytical范围的仪器进行准确且可重复的测量。所使用的技术包括激光衍射,图像分析,激光多普勒电泳,静态和动态光散射,毛细管变流和应变控制和应力控制的流变计。
Disperse Systems and Materials in Use Today
当今使用的欧洲杯足球竞彩许多材料是分散系统,其中一种物质(通常是颗粒物)分散在另一阶段。这些材料类型包括粘合剂,农业化学,水泥,陶瓷,胶体,化妆品和个人护理配方,食品和饮料,采矿和矿物质浆液,油漆,油墨和表面涂料,药品和聚合物系统。
Rheology and Particle Properties in the Ink Industry
在墨水行业中,对流变学和粒子特性的理解允许固体色素含量以不同的配方进行更改,同时维持优化印刷所需的关键流变特性。
Rheology and Particle Properties in the Cement Industry
In the cement industry, the understanding of rheology and particle properties, such as the aggregate morphology, allows flow behaviour during processing and application to be controlled.
Rheology and Particle Properties in the Cosmetic and Personal Care Industry
在化妆品和个人护理行业中,必须了解流变学和粒子特性之间的关系,以在配方,消费者接受和应用绩效方面提供最佳的平衡。
Rheology and Properties of Dispersed Particles
The physical properties of the dispersed particles, such as the average particle size, the size distribution, the zeta potential or charge on the particles and even the shape of the particles all help influence the overall (bulk) materials properties such as the rheology.
This “Ten Ways” guides you through some of the fundamental properties of the dispersed system, and demonstrates how these affect the rheological properties. Whereas it in interesting to understand the bulk material properties, such as rheology, which are associated with the changes in the particle size, shape and zeta potential, these examples will also demonstrate that this understanding allows the rheology of the material to be controlled.
粘度增加并减小粒径
For a constant volume fraction, when the particle size is decreased, the number of particles increases. Therefore, the number of particle-particle interactions increases, so the viscosity of a sample typically increases. As particle-particle interactions are weak forces, the effect is seen more at low shear rates.
降低粘度并增加粒径
相反,如果粒径增加,则会导致较少数量的粒子相互作用。同样,由于这种关联的性质较弱,在低剪切力下最显着地看到了效果。
Particle Size Distribution and Viscosity
具欧洲杯猜球平台有较宽的跨度 /分布(大差异)的颗粒往往比所有相同尺寸的颗粒系统(狭窄的分布)更好地包装。这基本上意味着颗粒的广泛分布有更多的自由空间可以移动,因此,这意味着样品更容易流动,即较低的粘度。欧洲杯猜球平台因此,收紧颗粒分布可以提高系统的稳定性。
粒度和分布和粘度
例如,在保持体积分数相同时,一个相对较大的颗粒的样品的粘度将低于小颗粒或单独的大颗粒的粘度。欧洲杯猜球平台
这基本上是由于改变粒子相互作用数量对改变大小并改变多分散性的两种竞争效应。但是,在这种情况下,粘度都会影响多分散性的影响在一个特定比率上占主导地位。
颗粒和流动行为的数量欧洲杯猜球平台
Ensuring the particle size is constant, where more and more particles are introduced the flow behavior will generally go from Newtonian (so few particles that they do not interact with each other), to shear thin (now the particles can interact, but the forces are so small that this interaction can be broken down with an increasing shear rate, therefore a shear thinning property), to shear thickening (where there are so many particles that on increasing the shear rate the particles now start to physically collide with each other which causes a shear thickening effect).
亚微米颗粒的Zeta潜力和行为欧洲杯猜球平台
随着Zeta电位的增加,颗粒被迫彼此远离。欧洲杯猜球平台这基本上是防止颗粒自由流动的,因此粘度增加。欧洲杯猜球平台由于这是很小的力量,因此在较低的剪切速率下看到了效果。
大于微米的颗粒的Zeta潜力和行为欧洲杯猜球平台
For larger particles, the settling force of gravity on the particles will overcome any repulsion of the particles due to the electrostatic charge / zeta potential. However, as these large particles can no longer fully aggregate (hydration layer), this close range, yet strong, Van der Waals attractive force can increase the low shear viscosity.
光滑的颗粒和剪切欧洲杯猜球平台粘度
光滑的颗粒具有运欧洲杯猜球平台动性,因为通常在不同的颗粒之间存在关联,这通常是化学相互作用。但是,使用非平滑颗粒的颗粒也将具有机械耐药性,并且化欧洲杯猜球平台学缔合性也可以增加。因此,非平滑颗粒具有较高的剪切粘度和较高的屈服欧洲杯猜球平台应力。
The Effect of Particle Morphology on Shear Viscosity
使用球形颗粒,通常存在粒子粒子相欧洲杯猜球平台互作用,它们在剪切下分解以产生剪切稀疏的行为。但是,随着伸长的粒子,随机取向导致较高的屏障开始流欧洲杯猜球平台动。低剪切粘度的增加。但是,在剪切下,这些细长的颗粒可以定向自身以流动方向来简化。欧洲杯猜球平台因此,它们更容易流动,从而使剪切粘度低于球形相同尺寸等效尺寸。
粒子的剪切稀薄行为欧洲杯猜球平台
使用软颗粒,强制剪切可欧洲杯猜球平台以改变粒子的形状。这可能导致颗粒在剪切下延伸和对齐,从而导致更欧洲杯猜球平台剪切的系统。
此信息已从Malvern Panalytical提供的材料中采购,审查和改编。欧洲杯足球竞彩
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