钻石,众所周知的珍贵宝石,也具有许多显着的物理特性,使其在工业应用中很重要。照片来源:Morguefile.com
A surprising material has been found that displays the same industry standard thermal conductivity as diamond, with potentially far-reaching consequences for electronics manufacturers.
在电子设备变得越来越小,更快且越来越依赖的世界中,这些设备产生的热量耗散是制造商的极其重要的考虑因素。这需要在系统内有有效的热量散布器,具有较高的导热率(一种容易吸收热量的材料)。这使热量可以从给定设备内的“热点”转移,从而提高了运行效率。应用包括半导体行业以及光学和传感应用。
在当今这些组件的生产中,钻石通常是选择的材料。由于轻碳原子之间的僵硬的化学键,钻石具有令人难以置信的高热电导率,比最近的金属竞争对手铜高五倍,每米每米2,000瓦。
在下面的视频中,我们看到了合成钻石的高温导电性的简单而强大的演示,因为它被用来切穿冰块,就像刀一样通过黄油。
用六个元素的合成钻石切开冰
But are there any alternatives to diamond as a thermal conductor?
Step forward cubic boron arsenide. New research has measured the thermal conductivity of the material to be more than more than 2000 Watts per meter per Kelvin at room temperature, and even higher than diamond at higher temperatures.
What is especially remarkable is that the researchers did not expect to find anything particularly special about the thermal conductivity of boron arsenide. The thermal conductivity of the material had never been studied in depth, and it was predicted to be 10 times smaller than that of diamond.
However, unexpected vibrational properties led to a much higher than expected thermal conductivity, which may provoke a rethink of the guidelines commonly used to predict the thermal conductivity of materials.
从商业角度来看,这一发现不仅有可能有趣,而且是通过一种新颖的理论方法制成的,这可能会导致未来的发现。
该研究最近发表在《杂志》上Physical Review Letters由波士顿学院和海军研究实验室的理论物理学家团队进行。
Co-author David Broido, a professor of physics at Boston College, explains below the potential opportunities that the recent work presents:
这项工作为材料中的热传输物理学提供了重要的新见解,它说明了现代计算技术在对尚未测量热导电的材料进行定量预测方面的力量。”欧洲杯足球竞彩对于硼砷,可以通过测量来验证。如果是这样的话,它可能会为使用硼砷氧化硼打开新的被动冷却应用机会,它将进一步证明这种理论工作可以在提供有用的指导方面发挥的重要作用,以识别新的高热导率材料。欧洲杯足球竞彩