在最近发表在《杂志》上的一项研究中生物量保护和生物融资，，，，印度的研究人员分析了血浆气化技术治疗医疗废物的潜力。
Study:A comprehensive review of the application of plasma gasification technology in circumventing medical waste in a post-COVID-19 scenario。图片来源：praditkhorn somboonsa/shutterstock.com
COVID-19 And Medical Waste
The world has seen three coronavirus pandemic outbreaks in the last two decades - severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-1), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, disposable waste such as syringes, injections, gloves, sample containers, shields, and personal protective equipment (PPE) kits has increased, which resulted in a significant increase in biomedical waste (BMW) generation.
在本研究中，研究人员对宝马处置的血浆气化方法进行了详细综述。该研究的动机是检查血浆气化在宝马处置的应用范围。
血浆气化
Plasma gasification is a high-temperature waste decomposition process that converts waste into a valuable combustible gas, and the reactions during the process occur at 3500–6500 °C. The plasma supplies the thermal energy required for the operation, and due to the high temperature involved in the process, the waste decomposition occurs at a high rate.
等离子气化设置的主要部分是反应堆壳和废物喂养系统。此外，将料斗用于连续废物供应和碎纸机，用于均匀的粒径分布。根据反应堆壳的大小，等离子火炬被放置在体内的各个位置，以提高废物处理效率。
Compared with conventional gasification, plasma gasification has several advantages. The main advantage is that harmful radioactive materials and radicals are effectively removed due to high temperatures. Moreover, the plasma gasification process produces gaseous substances that can be used as raw materials in the construction and infrastructure development industries.
Syngas还作为该过程的副产品生产，可以取代压缩点火引擎中的传统燃料。此外，产生的合式质量高，氢气高，焦油较低。随着过程后，废物废金金属以熔融形式回收，可以有效地回收它们。根据研究人员的说法，可以从等离子体气体的一吨固体废物输入中产生900千瓦时的电力。
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The main limitation of the process is that syngas produced after BMW treatment in plasma gasification has few contaminants and nanoparticles. Additionally, it is an energy-intensive process; hence the average efficiency of the process is lower than conventional gasification.
血浆气化of Biomedical Waste
Plasma gasification is a relatively new medical waste treatment technology. It is effective in BMW disposal because it produces a very high temperature, which breaks down complex structures into a simple form, resolving significant human health and environmental issues.
在研究中，研究人员阐述了几种数学模型，以分析生物医学废物血浆气化过程中的热力学和化学反应。这些模型对于优化血浆气化过程和减少环境损害而具有重要意义。
根据研究人员的说法，血浆气化过程在治疗医疗，危险和低温预处理废物方面非常有效。此外，在对血浆气化的BMW治疗的实验研究中，产生的合成剂具有高质量，包括一氧化碳，氮和硫的含量为73.4％，6.2％，29.6％和0.8％的体积百分比组成， 分别。
The radioactive BMW waste generated can also be treated by the plasma gasification method using radiofrequency during the process. With regard to BMW waste treatment, the plasma gasification method has a high-efficiency rate of 99.9%. Moreover, the flexibility and acceptance of a wide range of waste make plasma gasification technology feasible for industrial applications.
结论
BMW处理的血浆气化技术是一种可行的选择，因为它是一种灵活的技术，可以轻松处理任何医疗废物，并且估计减少医疗废物的后处理量为95％。此外，如此大量的量减少可减少对垃圾填埋场空间的需求，这使其成为与其他气化技术相比的安全替代品。
此外，作为副产品生产的玻璃矿石可用于各种目的。此外，治疗过程中产生的合伙们可以为点火引擎供电。
未来的研究应着重于降低这些技术的成本并提高其效率。可以研究不同的标准和设计，以为宝马处置中的广泛应用开发成本较低的替代方案。
来源
Kaushal, R., Rohit & Dhaka, A.K. A comprehensive review of the application of plasma gasification technology in circumventing medical waste in a post-COVID-19 scenario.Biomass Conv. Bioref.（2022）。https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13399-022-02434-z
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