2022年10月27日Reviewed by Mila Perera
当从多种金属中创建合金时，材料中可能会发生结构不稳定性和缺陷。
Xin Wang（左）和WEI Xiong在实验室中保存合金的样品。图片来源：Pitt Swanson Engineering
Currently, scientists at the匹兹堡斯旺森大学工程学院are using those flaws to strengthen the material while keeping its flexibility intact.
The investigators are hoping to create metastable alloys that have the potential to overcome the trade-off between ductility and strength, revealing a strategy that could make alloys suited to various applications.
我们的工作表明我们如何在合金中纳入有意的缺陷，以使其在保留材料的延展性或柔韧性的同时使其更强。
匹兹堡大学斯旺森工程学院机械工程与材料科学副教授Wei Xiong欧洲杯足球竞彩欧洲杯线上买球
Xiong补充说：“我们正在开发的技术可用于使材料适合地震建筑，海军船，航空航天，核能，甚至用于油或氢的运输 - 所有应用都有欧洲杯足球竞彩强大但柔性的材料至关重要的应用。”
Xiong的物理冶金和材料设计实验室领导了研究。欧洲杯足球竞彩
This study observes two mechanisms for metastability engineering that could be utilized to make powerful and ductile alloys: twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) and transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP).
在压力下发生的微观结构的行程和twip使用变化，导致材料中的某些缺陷，以产生有意的缺陷，从而增强强度。
You can think of the strength and ductility of a material like plastic versus glass. Plastic is much more ductile and flexible: It is not as strong, but you can bend it with your hands。
匹兹堡大学斯旺森工程学院机械工程与材料科学副教授Wei Xiong欧洲杯足球竞彩欧洲杯线上买球
“Glass is stronger than plastic, but it’s also much less flexible and will break if you try to bend it. This is the trade-off that we are trying to overcome with alloys—something that has both strength and ductility。”
To perform this research, Xiong collaborated with lead author Xin Wang, Ph.D. candidate in the Physical Metallurgy and Materials Design Laboratory, and scientists at the Illinois Institute of Technology and Northwestern University.
The team's CALPHAD modeling, aided by density functional theory calculations, offers fundamental knowledge that could be employed to develop metastable alloys with the help of TRIP or TWIP for improved strength-ductility synergy. Furthermore, it can be employed in concentrated alloys, such as nickel and steel.
We want to understand the unstable microstructure so we can predict the instability, and then we can use the defects to further increase strength and elongation。The resulting material is then self-strengthening—deform it, and it actually gets stronger。
Xin Wang, Study Lead Author and PhD Candidate, Physical Metallurgy and Materials Design Laboratory, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh
Journal Reference
王，X，et al。（2022）通过调整不稳定的故障能来设计高渗透合金的亚稳定性。Science Advances。https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abo7333。
Source:https://www.engineering.pitt.edu/